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David Williams Laboratory

Retinal Cell Biology

Dr. David Williams

David S. Williams, Ph.D.

Professor

  • Dolly Green Chair in Ophthalmology
  • Departments of Ophthalmology and Neurobiology
  • Director, Microscopy and Image Analysis Core
  • Jules Stein Eye Institute

The Williams laboratory studies dynamic cellular processes in photoreceptor and RPE cells, with the aim of understanding basic cellular functions within these most highly specialized cells. Emphasis is on using advanced microscopy methods, including high-speed live-cell imaging and 3-D electron microscopy.

Current Research Areas:

  • The delivery of opsin to the photoreceptor cilium and membrane shaping to form the disk membranes the photoreceptor outer segment.
  • RPE cell biology, especially the motility and interactions of organelles, such as mitochondria, melanosomes, phagosomes and endolysosomes.
  • Cell metabolism in relation to RPE cell differentiation.
  • Retinal degeneration in Usher syndrome, involving the differentiation of patient-derived iPSCs into retinal cells, studies of MYO7A, and strategies for treatments via gene therapy.
  • Mechanisms of other retinal degenerations, including choroideremia and macular degeneration.

By studying fundamental cellular processes that are essential for photoreceptor and RPE cell function, the lab's research is advancing general cell biological principles. It also provides an understanding of how defects in these processes lead to retinal degeneration. This knowledge is critical for developing treatments for inherited retinal diseases.

Lab Members

Project Scientists

Recent Publications

Ultrastructural and Electrophysiological Determination of the Patency of Monkey Cone Outer Segment Membranes

Antonio E. Paniagua, Stefanie Volland, Gregory S. Bryman, Gabriel Luna, Andrew W. Chang, Michael Tri H. Do, Steven K. Fisher, David S. Williams

The Journal of Neuroscience (2026)

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Collaborative role of two distinct cilium-specific cytoskeletal systems in driving Hedgehog-responsive transcription factor trafficking

Pei-I Ku, Jamuna S. Sreeja, Abhishek Chadha, David S. Williams, Martin F. Engelke, Radhika Subramanian

Science Advances (2025)

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Mechanism of Photoreceptor Outer Segment Tip Ingestion: Evidence of Trogocytosis

Paniagua, Antonio E., Chang, Andrew, Williams, David S.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology (2025)

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Photoreceptor Outer Segment Renewal

Roni A. Hazim, Antonio E. Paniagua, David S. Williams

Encyclopedia of the Eye (2025)

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The Importance of Differentiated RPE Cultures for studying Cell Biological Processes

Hazim, Roni A., Williams, David S.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology (2025)

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The photoreceptor outer segment: Development and renewal

Hazim, RA, Fisher, SK, Williams, DS

Current Topics in Developmental Biology (2025)

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Productive infection of the retinal pigment epithelium by SARS-CoV-2: Initial effects and consideration of long-term consequences

Nan W Hultgren, Anton Petcherski, Simona Torriano, Ravikiran Komirisetty, Madhav Sharma, Tianli Zhou, …, David S Williams, et al.

PNAS Nexus (2024)

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Machine learning-based 3D segmentation of mitochondria in polarized epithelial cells

Nan W. Hultgren, Tianli Zhou, David S. Williams

Mitochondrion (2024)

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Expression of two major isoforms of MYO7A in the retina: Considerations for gene therapy of Usher syndrome type 1B

W. Blake Gilmore, Nan W. Hultgren, Abhishek Chadha, Sonia B. Barocio, Joyce Zhang, Oksana Kutsyr, …, David S. Williams, et al.

Vision Research (2023)

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Three-Dimensional Ultrastructure of the Normal Rod Photoreceptor Synapse and Degenerative Changes Induced by Retinal Detachment

Gil Torten, Steven K. Fisher, Kenneth A. Linberg, Gabriel Luna, Guy Perkins, Mark H. Ellisman, David S. Williams

The Journal of Neuroscience (2023)

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